انجليزى – unit 10 للصف الثالث الثانوى 2016

    Vocabulary:

 Prepositions & Expressions: 

  Words that go together

 listening

Reading “Food from the air”

Everyone has seen plants growing, but have you ever thought where they get their food? In 1652, a European scientist called Van Helmot asked this question. Like most people, he thought thatplants must get their food from soil. However, Van Helmot decided to test the theory with experiments. First, he dried some soil, put it into a pot and weighed it. Next, he weighed a small tree, planted it in the pot and added rain water. Then, he watered it regularly with rain water.After five years, he removed the tree from the pot and weighed it again. He found that the tree had gained a huge amount of weight. When he weighed the soil, however, it was almost exactly the same as it had been five years earlier. Van Helmot thought this was strange, but decided that the extra weight of the tree must have come from the water. He did not realise that there was another invisible food which was feeding his tree. We now know that plants and trees make their own food. Their leaves are like factories producing everything they need, so that plants can change the energy from the sun into chemical energy. During this process, oxygen and sugar are produced. The oxygen is released back into the air, and the sugar is used by the plant as food.

  Language Notes

۩ Something / everything / anything / nothing / somebody etc.

  ●Have you read anything interesting lately?

  ●Let’s go somewhere quiet.

     ¨Like  = similar to           / in the same way as                        

        · He eats like a horse.              · He is like a son to me.

        · The garden looks like a jungle.        · At last he felt like a real soldier.   · It seems like a good idea.

        ¨Like  = for example                           · Things like glass, paper, and plastic can all be recycled.

       ¨As  + job                                               · He works as a doctor.

      ¨Such as  = for example                       · Things such as glass, paper, and plastic can all be recycled.

     ¨ As = because                                       · He didn’t come to school as he was ill.

     ¨ As = while / when                               · I saw Peter as I was getting off the bus.

      ¨ As = though / although                                 · Hard as he studied, he failed the test.

       · I am good at English. As for my brother, he is good at geography..

        · As from today, you are in charge of the office.

Words often confused

-       factor  (عامل (جمعها عوامل                                                                      -  factory   مصنع

    · The weather could be a crucial factor عامل حاسم in tomorrow’s game.

    · There is a car factory in our town.

      tasty = delicious   لذيذ الطعم                        – tasteful     ينُم عن الذوق الرفيع

-         testy = irritable   عصبي / سريع الغضب

   · The meal was very tasty.

   · She bought tasteful furniture.

   · He is a testy person.

-       pricey = expensive    غالي الثمن           -  priceless = of very great value     لا يُقدَر بثمن

   · The clothes are beautiful but very pricey.

   · A priceless collection of paintings was stolen from the museum.

      ¨Regrettable (شيء (يؤسف له       

• His behaviour at the party was very regrettable.

  
  
  

     ¨Regretful  شاعر بالندم                  

• He was regretful when he had to leave his old house.

  
  
  

      ¨series سلسلة (أحداث / كتب / أفلام/ اجتماعات)                           ¨serious  جاد / خطير               

   · They will hold a series of meetings over the next few weeks.

   · The government is trying to solve the serious problem of unemployment.

   Exercises on Vocabulary and Language Notes   

Choose the correct answer:

1)     The (result – outlet – insult – revolt) of the experiment surprised everyone.

2)    You will never (relieve – approve – achieve – believe) very much if you do not work hard.

3)    At school, students learn many subjects, but when they get to university, they usually (realize – economize – specialize – symbolize).   

4)    Scientists often do experiments to prove a particular (theory – habit – custom – tradition).

5)    I found playing the guitar very difficult at first, but in the last two weeks I’ve (artificially – brutally – gradually – cheerfully) improved.

6)    6-People who have (diagnosis – diabetes – dialects – diary) must be very careful about what they eat.

7)    7-There are some sports where it is good to (earn – win – defeat – gain) weight, rather than lose it.

8)    8-Farmers water their crops (regularly – bitterly – disorderly – formerly) to make sure they grow well.

9)    9-The little boy who was hiding behind the door thought he was (divisible – edible – legible – invisible), but you could just see the top of his head.

10)10-If you don’t turn the taps off, you can waste a huge (number - amount – account – discount) of water in a short time.

11)11-Leaves falling from trees in the autumn is a completely natural (excess – business – process – pretence).

12)12-She has been (diabetic – athletic – allergic – sympathetic) since she was a child. There is too much sugar in her blood.

13)13-His greatest (agreement – arrangement –achievement – discouragement) was becoming the captain of the national team when he was 16.

14)14-There was a (manual – punctual – spiritual -gradual) improvement in her schoolwork.

15)15-My doctor didn’t know what was wrong with me, so he sent me to see a (geologist – specialist – physicist – zoologist).

16)16-(Artistically – Atomically – Theoretically – Historically), anyone can travel to the moon.

17)17-To (attach – attribute – challenge – achieve) is to succeed in doing something.

18)A/An (theory – practice – experience – experiment) is an explanation for something that has not yet been proved to be true.

19)A/An (operation – experiment – process – illness) is a series of events or changes that happen naturally.

20)(Fever – Paralysis – Flu – Cancer) is a serious disease in which cells in someone’s body grow in a way that is not normal.

 Find the mistakes in each of the following sentences then write them correctly:

1-               Do you come here regularity? –No, I’ve only been here once before.                      regularly

2-               The scientist decided to test the theory with experiences.                                     experiments

3-               How much do you weight?                                                                                                weigh

4-               As most people, he thought that plants get their food from soil.                                   Like

5-               These trees grow well in a sandy cell.                                                                                soil

6-               He planted a small tree in a put.                                                                                          pot

7-               He proved the old wallpaper and filled the holes in the walls.                                     removed

8-               John has earned a lot of weight recently.                                                                         gained

9-               He paid regular numbers of money to a charity.                                                              amount

10-            The company holds burglar meetings with employees.                                                    regular

 grammer:

I wish / If only

• I wish you had time. = You don’t have time.

  
  
  

• I wish the teacher did something to solve the problem.        

  
  
  
  

= The teacher doesn’t do anything to solve…

• If only I lived in a quiet place.    = I live in a noisy place.

  
  
  

• I wish I knew Paul’s phone number.     = I don’t know it.

  
  
  

• I have to work hard.                   

  
  
  

  = I wish I didn’t have to work hard.

• There are a lot of people in this place.           

  
  
  

  = If only there weren’t many people in this place.

¨ يستخدم الماضي التام بعد  I  wish / If only  في حالة التعبير عن موقف في الماضي :

• I failed the Chemistry test.                    

  
  
  

   If only I hadn’t failed the Chemistry test.

• I didn’t know that Gary was ill. 

  
  
  

   I wish I had known that Gary was ill.

• I feel sick. I ate so much cake yesterday.         

  
  
  

   I feel sick. If only I hadn’t eaten so much cake yesterday.

• I didn’t apply for that job.                                              

  
  
  

  I wish I had applied for that job.

• The weather was cold while we were away.   

  
  
  

   I wish it (was – were – had been – would be) warmer.

في حالة وجود فعل آخر مع I  wish / If only   في الماضي  : 

• If only she hadn’t told the police, everything would have been all right.

  
  
  

• I wish he hadn’t wasted all his money. He would have bought a new house.

  
  
  

¨I regret not studying hard.        

    = I wish I had studied hard.

¨ في حالة التعبير عن المستقبل  تستخدم    could + inf  مع كل الضمائر ويمكن استخدام would مع she / he / you / they / it

• I wish I could ride a horse.

  
  
  

• I wish he would visit me next week.

  
  
  

• If only I could visit Honolulu next year.

  
  
  

¨wish to + inf. = want to

• I wish to see the manager, please.

  
  
  

• If you wish to reserve a table, please telephone after 5 o’clock.

  
  
  

¨Hope + فاعل  + future simple / present simple

         ·I hope she comes tomorrow.

         OR: I hope she will come tomorrow.

Wish … + n.            (wish someone something)

         ·I wish you a speedy recovery.       ·I wish you good luck.

         ·I wish you a happy life.

    Choose the correct answer:

1)     I don’t have a washing machine. I wish I (have – am having – had – had had) one.

2)    He wished he (had studied – was studying – has been studying – studied) medicine at university 5 years ago.

3)    They wish they (can – shall – could – should) speak French.

4)    She wishes she (has had – had – will have – can have) more time.

5)    She wishes she (listens – is listening – would listen – had listened) to the teacher’s advice last year.

6)    If only I (hadn’t forgotten – didn’t forget – wouldn’t forget – hasn’t forgotten) where I put my mobile phone yesterday.

 7)    Leila wishes she (will – should – could – may) read faster.

8)    I’m really tired this morning. I wish I (slept – was sleeping – had slept – could sleep) more last night.

9)    Ali wishes he (ought to – has to – could) come to the party, but he is not feeling well.

10)I wish I (don’t lend – had not lent – couldn’t lend – haven’t lent) her dictionary. I found two pages missing.

Find the mistakes in each of the following sentences then write them correctly:

Importat Sentences

1. The result of the experiment surprised everyone.

2. You will never achieve very much if you do not work hard.

3. At school, students learn many subjects, but when they get to university, they usually specialize.   

4. Scientists often do experiments to prove a particular theory.

5. I found playing the guitar very difficult at first, but in the last two weeks I’ve gradually improved.

6. People who have diabetes must be very careful about what they eat.

7. She has been diabetic since she was a child. There is too much sugar in her blood.

8. His greatest achievement was becoming the captain of the national team when he was 16.

9. There was a gradual improvement in her schoolwork.

10. My doctor didn’t know what was wrong with me, so he sent me to see a specialist.

11. Theoretically, anyone can travel to the moon.

12. Leaves falling from trees in the autumn are a completely natural process.

13. The little boy who was hiding behind the door thought he was invisible, but you could just see the top of his head.

14. There are some sports where it is good to gain weight, rather than lose it.

15. Farmers water their crops regularly.

16. The theory is believable, but can it be proven?

17. If you don’t turn the taps off, you can waste a huge amount of water in a short time.

18. Their uncle is a scientist. He’s doing research into new forms of energy.

19. A journalist writes articles for newspapers.

20. A politician studies political science.

21. Secondary school teachers specialise in one or two subjects.

22. Experiments are used to test scientific theories.

23. Ali has had a serious illness and he needs time to recuperate.

24. Scientists hope to find a cure for cancer some day.

25. Germs are invisible to the naked eye.

26. They’ve discovered a/an effective new treatment for flu.

27. Salma intends to specialize in criminal law at law school.

28. Scientists hope they will find a cure for cancer soon.

29. People who are diabetic should lessen the amount of sugar in the diet.

30. Scientists use experiments to prove some theories.

34. I’d like to specialise in studying the causes of illnesses

35. The result of the experiment surprised every one.

36. I wish I knew what I was doing at the weekend.

37. My sister wishes she had worked harder when she was at school.

38. I wish I knew where I left my jacket.

39. Hany wishes he could have won the spelling contest last week.

40. Heba wishes she hadn’t spent all her money at the weekend.

41. I wish I knew his address. This means I don’t know it.

42. My friend advised me to see a doctor. I wish I had taken her advice now.

43. I wish I had taken part in the revolution.

44. The film was really enjoyable. I wish you had been.