Unit 3|Part 2|Grammar|Present Simple: Active and Passive

Unit 3|Part 2|Grammar|Present Simple: Active and Passive

¨ يستخدم للتعبير عن حدث متكرر أو عادة :
¨يستخدم للتعبير عن حقيقة :
¨ يستخدم المضارع البسيط في حالة طلب أو إعطاء التعليمات و الاتجاهات :
¨ عادة يضاف s/es   للفعل مع he / she / it :
¨ و يمكن أن يستخدم المضارع البسيط مع الظروف الدالة علي الزمن و الكلمات الآتية :
ever / generally / nowadays / on Mondays, on Tuesdays / twice a year / every week , day, year, summer…..
·Do you ever go to school on Friday?          ·She frequently visits the Pyramids.

am / is / are + PP.                                        المضارع البسيط في صيغة المبنى للمجهول¨

Somebody cleans this room every day. ·This room is cleaned every day.

الأفعال التي لا يأتي معها مفعول لا تُستخدم في المبني للمجهول مثل:
Camp, roar, appear, arrive, begin, break, come, cough, decrease, die, disappear, drown, fall, go, happen, increase, laugh, lie, matter, rain, rise, sneeze, snow, stop, swim, wait, work.”

Heat and light come from the sun. ·A strange thing happened yesterday.

¨ يستخدم المضارع البسط (أو المضارع التام) بعد الروابط الآتية والفعل الثاني يكون مستقبل أو أمر :

After I write the letter, I’ll go out.
Before he goes to bed, he will have dinner.
As soon as she has received the fax, she will travel to Rangoon.

لاحظ أنه يمكن استخدام فعل أمر بدلا من المستقبل البسيط :

¨ After you finish your work, call me. ¨ Before you go to bed, turn off the lights.

Present Continuous Tense
¨التكوين:
Am/ is / are + v. +ing
الكلمات الدالة عليه :¨
now / at the moment / look! / Listen! / at present

She is playing the piano now. ·I am writing a report at the moment.

¨ لاحظ عدم استخدام هذه الأفعال في الأزمنة المستمرة:

Love	يحب	like	يحب
Want	يريد	need	يحتاج
Mean	يعنى	understand	يفهم
contain	يحوى	consist	يتكون
See	يرى	hear	يسمع
recognize	يتعرف على	realize	يدرك
Seem	يبدو	possess	يمتلك
concern	يهم/يتعلق بـ	matter	يهم
weigh	يزن	measure	يقيس
Think	يعتقد	Notice	يلاحظ

hate	يكره	prefer	يفضل
deserve	يستحق	suppose	يفترض
believe	يصدق	remember	يتذكر
know	يعرف	belong	يخص
smell	يشم	taste	يكون لها مذاق
surprise	يفاجئ	astonish	يدهش
own	يمتلك	depend	يعتمد
lack	ينقص	owe	يدين
agree	يوافق	be
forgive	يسامح

بعض الأفعال الواردة في الجدول السابق لها معني آخر مختلف واذا جاءت في الجملة بهذا المعني ، يمكن استخدامها في المضارع المستمر:

I’m thinking of going out tonight. ·She is seeing her doctor this afternoon.
They are having lunch at the moment.
She is tasting the soup to see if it is ready.

am / is / are + being + PP. المضارع المستمر في صيغة المبنى للمجهول¨

Somebody is cleaning the room.=The room is being cleaned.

Exercise C
Choose the correct answer:

In many countries, the wind (use-uses-is using-is used) to generate electricity.
Scientists (want-wants-are wanting-are being wanted) to find more forms of renewable energy.
Huge amounts of electricity (is produced-produce-are produced-are producing) in nuclear power stations.
Holes (drill-is drilled-are drilling-are drilled) into the earth to find hot water.
In some cities, rubbish (burn-burns-is burnt-is burring) to produce electricity.
Water (heat-is heated-are heated-is heating) to turn it into steam.
The steam (is piped-pipes-is piping-are piped) to a power station.
Electricity (produces-is producing-is produced-produce) from the water in the power station.
Electricity is sometimes (to make-making-makes-made) from wind turbines.
In many parts of the world, wood (burns-is burnt-is burning-to burn) to heat people’s homes.

Find the mistakes and write the sentences correctly:
1)   Wood burns for heating    is burnt
2)   Instead of burning wood , plants and trees grow.   Are grown
3)   We use active form when it isn’t important who does the action. passive
4)   Holes is drilled into the Earth to find hot water. are

Language Functions:

Asking for information السؤال عن معلومات	Giving information إعطاء معلومات
Excuse me, could I ask you some questions about..?	Yes, of course.
Can / Could you tell me ………?	Yes, that’s fine..
Do you know anything about…….?	Yes, certainly.
Does that mean ……….?	I’d rather not answer that question. في حالة عدم الرغبة في الإجابة عن سؤال
Thank you for your time.	(You’re welcome في حالة الرد)
How do you usually (go to school)?	I usually …

Respond to the following situations:
1- You are doing a survey about energy in your town. You would like to ask someone some questions. Explain the situation.
2- You want to know about a friend’s energy-saving habits. What do you ask?

Unit 3|Part 2|Grammar|Present Simple: Active and Passive Uoo-uo10

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